Proximal composition and physical properties of fruits from seven Morus alba L. varieties

  • Yudit Lugo-Morales
  • Maykelis Díaz-Solares Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey. Universidad de Matanzas. Ministerio de Educación Superior. Central España Republicana, CP: 44280. Matanzas
  • Nancy Altunaga-Pérez Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey. Universidad de Matanzas. Ministerio de Educación Superior. Central España Republicana, CP: 44280. Matanzas
  • Inelvis Castro-Cabrera Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey. Universidad de Matanzas. Ministerio de Educación Superior. Central España Republicana, CP: 44280. Matanzas
  • Leydis Fonte-Carballo Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey. Universidad de Matanzas. Ministerio de Educación Superior. Central España Republicana, CP: 44280. Matanzas
  • Luis Cepero-Casas Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey. Universidad de Matanzas. Ministerio de Educación Superior. Central España Republicana, CP: 44280. Matanzas
  • Liliet González-Sierra Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey. Universidad de Matanzas. Ministerio de Educación Superior. Central España Republicana, CP: 44280. Matanzas

Abstract

In Cuba many studies have been conducted about the use of different parts of the Morus alba plant in animal
feeding. However, in these studies, the fruit has not been included. In international literature the M. alba fruits have been reported to show secondary metabolites and contain essential nutrients (fibers, vitamins and minerals), which increase their nutritional value and stimulate their use in balanced diets. The objective of this work was to determine the physical properties and bromatological composition of the fruits from seven M. alba varieties, cultivated at the Pastures and Forages Research Station Indio Hatuey. The weight, width, diameter and number of seeds per fruit were evaluated as physical indicators. In the proximal composition the dry matter, moisture and ash were studied, as well as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and crude fiber. For the data processing a complete randomized design was used and variance analysis was performed. The fruit weight varied between 1,3 and 3,7 g; length, between 1,6 and 3,0 cm and width, between 0,8 and 1,6 cm. The number of seeds per fruit was 19,7-42,8. In the different varieties, the percentage of dry matter, moisture, crude fiber and ash was 13,5-17,5; 82,5-86,5; 8,1-12,7 and 3,6- 7,1 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the Ca, Mg and P content was in the range of 322,5-356,0; 176,5-201,0 and 40,5-52,5 mg/100 g, respectively. The variety Yu-62 showed the highest values in fruit weight, length and width, as well as in the dry matter and crude fiber content; while the variety Nueva had the highest P and ash content. Meanwhile, Universidad mejorada showed the highest Ca and Mg percentage.

References

Altuntas, E. The volumetrical, geometrical and frictional properties of white mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruits. TURJAF. 4 (11):987-990, 2016.
AOAC. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. Gaithersburg, USA: Association of Official Analytical Communities, 2000.
Bhutia, K. D.; Suresh, C. P.; Pala, N. A.; Gopal, G. & Chakravarty, S. Nutraceutical potential of some wild edible fruits of Sikkim, Himalaya, India. Ethno Med. 12 (2):106-112, 2018. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1421132.
Gundogdu, M.; Muradoglu, F.; Gazioglu-Sensoy, R. I. & Yilmaz, H. Determination of fruit chemical properties of Morus nigra L., Morus alba L. and Morus rubra L. by HPLC. Sci. Hortic., Amsterdam. 132:37-41, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.09.035.
Hernández-Jiménez, A.; Pérez-Jiménez, J. M.; Bosch-Infante, D. & Castro-Speck, N. Clasificación de los suelos de Cuba 2015. Mayabeque, Cuba: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas, Instituto de Suelos, Ediciones INCA, 2015.
Imran, M.; Khan, H.; Shah, M.; Khan, R. & Khan, F. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of certain Morus species. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B. 11 (12):973-980, 2010. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1000173.
Imran, M.; Talpur, F. N.; Jan, M. S.; Khan, A. & Khan, I. Analysis of nutritional components of some wild edible plants. Jour. Chem. Soc. Pak. 29 (5):500-508, 2007.
Jiang, Y. & Nie, W. J. Chemical properties in fruits of mulberry species from the Xinjiang province of China. Food Chem. 174:460-466, 2015. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.083.
Lee, Y. & Hwang, K. T. Changes in physicochemical properties of mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.) during ripening. Sci. Hortic., Amsterdam. 217:189-196, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.01.042.
Liang, L.; Wu, X.; Zhu, M.; Zhao, W.; Li, F.; Zou, Y. et al. Chemical composition, nutritional value, and antioxidant activities of eight mulberry cultivars from China. Pharmacogn. Mag. 8 (31):215-224, 2012. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.99287.
Rodrigues, Elisana L.; Marcelino, Gabriela; Silva, Gabriela T.; Figueiredo, Priscila S.; Garcez, W. S.; Corsino, J. et al. Nutraceutical and medicinal potential of the Morus species in metabolic dysfunctions. Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20 (2):301, 2019. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020301.
Sánchez-Salcedo, Eva M.; Calín-Sánchez, A.; Carbonell-Barrachina, A. A.; Melgarejo, P.; Hernández, Francisca & Martínez-Nicolás, J. J. Physicochemical characterisation of eight Spanish mulberry clones: Processing and fresh market aptitudes. Int. J. Food Sci. Tech. 49 (2):477-483, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12325.
Sánchez-Salcedo, Eva M.; Mena, P.; García-Viguera, Cristina; Martínez, J. J. & Hernández, Francisca. Phytochemical evaluation of white (Morus alba L.) and black (Morus nigra L.) mulberry fruits, and starting point for the assessment of their beneficial properties. J. Funct. Foods. 12:399-408, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2014.12.010
Uslu, N.; Doğu, S.; Ceylan, D.; Özcan, M. M. & Dursun, N. The effect of drying on total phenol, antioxidant activity, and mineral contents of white and black mulberry fruits. J. Agroaliment. Processes Technol. 23 (1):31-35, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10942910701558652.
Published
2019-12-04
How to Cite
LUGO-MORALES, Yudit et al. Proximal composition and physical properties of fruits from seven Morus alba L. varieties. Pastos y Forrajes, [S.l.], v. 42, n. 3, p. 213-217, dec. 2019. ISSN 2078-8452. Available at: <https://payfo.ihatuey.cu/index.php?journal=pasto&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=2152>. Date accessed: 13 aug. 2021.
Section
Artículo científico